Joint replacement second opinion

Something isn't right
after your joint replacement.
Get an expert to tell you why.

Up to 20% of patients have persistent pain or functional problems after joint replacement surgery. Most are told it's normal. Often it isn't. Fellowship-trained arthroplasty specialists review your complete case and give you a straight answer.

Fellowship-trained arthroplasty specialists
Written report in 4 business days
Educational & informational · No referral needed
Before surgery

Been told you need a
knee or hip replacement?

Joint replacement is one of the most successful procedures in medicine — when it's performed for the right reasons, at the right time, by the right surgeon. The problem is that recommendation rates vary dramatically by geography, by surgeon, and by practice. A fellowship-trained arthroplasty specialist can tell you whether the timing is right, whether you've exhausted appropriate non-operative alternatives, and whether the surgeon recommending the procedure has the volume and subspecialty experience your specific case requires.

700K+

Total knee replacements performed in the US annually — making it one of the most common elective surgeries

40%

Of second opinions result in a changed recommendation — a different approach, different timing, or different surgeon

10x

Variation in joint replacement rates between high- and low-utilization regions — same patients, very different surgical rates

After surgery — complications & concerns

When your joint replacement
didn't go as planned.

The conditions below are among the most common reasons patients seek expert second opinions after joint replacement. If you recognize your situation in any of these, a fellowship specialist review is one of the most valuable steps you can take.

Most common concern

Painful Total Knee Replacement

Persistent pain after total knee replacement is more common than most patients — or their surgeons — acknowledge. Studies consistently show that 15-20% of patients are dissatisfied with their TKA outcome. Pain that does not improve progressively, pain that was never relieved, or new-onset pain after a period of recovery all warrant evaluation.

Common causes our specialists evaluate:

  • Component malalignment or malrotation — the most common fixable cause
  • Aseptic loosening — implant-bone interface failure without infection
  • Periprosthetic joint infection — frequently missed early on
  • Overstuffing of the patellofemoral compartment
  • Referred pain from the hip or lumbar spine
  • Soft tissue impingement or scar formation
  • Neuropathic pain component

A structured expert review determines which of these is most likely in your specific case, and whether further diagnostic workup or intervention is appropriate.

Hip replacement

Painful Total Hip Replacement

Hip replacement generally has better patient-reported outcomes than knee replacement, but a meaningful subset of patients experience persistent groin pain, thigh pain, or new-onset pain that their surgeon attributes to "normal variation." These symptoms are often not normal.

Conditions our specialists assess:

  • Iliopsoas impingement — groin pain caused by a prominent acetabular component edge
  • Adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR) — particularly with metal-on-metal bearings
  • Trunnion corrosion — taper junction degradation causing pain and elevated metal ions
  • Component loosening or subsidence
  • Leg length discrepancy — even small differences cause significant functional problems
  • Periprosthetic joint infection
  • Dislocation risk from component malposition

Many of these conditions have specific diagnostic and treatment pathways that a general orthopedist may not recognize or pursue.

Serious complication

Periprosthetic Joint Infection

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most serious complications of joint replacement and one of the most commonly missed — particularly in the first weeks after surgery when symptoms overlap with normal post-operative inflammation.

What you need to know:

  • PJI occurs in approximately 1-2% of primary replacements and up to 5% of revisions
  • Early infections (within 3 months): fever, wound drainage, increasing pain and swelling
  • Delayed infections (3 months – 2 years): chronic pain without obvious wound signs
  • Late hematogenous infections: can occur years later from dental procedures, skin infections, or urinary tract infections seeding the implant

Treatment depends entirely on timing and organism identification. Options include DAIR (debridement, antibiotics, implant retention), one-stage revision, or two-stage revision with antibiotic spacer. A fellowship arthroplasty specialist can assess whether the right diagnosis is being pursued and whether the proposed treatment is appropriate for your specific case.

Traumatic event

Periprosthetic Fractures

A fracture around a joint replacement — whether it occurred during the original surgery or as the result of a fall or injury afterward — is a complex problem requiring subspecialty expertise. The management decision involves assessing the stability of the implant, the quality of the surrounding bone, and the patient's overall health.

Treatment pathway questions a specialist addresses:

  • Is the existing implant stable enough for fracture fixation alone (ORIF)?
  • Does a loose or failing implant need to be revised at the same time?
  • Which fixation construct is appropriate given bone quality and implant design?
  • What are the realistic functional expectations after treatment?

Periprosthetic fractures around knee replacements are classified by the Rorabeck/Lewis and Su systems; around hip replacements by the Vancouver classification. Understanding which classification applies to your fracture directly determines treatment. This is a decision that should involve a fellowship-trained arthroplasty surgeon.

Functional limitation

Stiffness & Arthrofibrosis

Knee replacement stiffness — formally called arthrofibrosis when severe — is one of the most undertreated complications in joint replacement. Patients are routinely told to keep doing physical therapy when they have already passed the window where PT will make a meaningful difference.

What the evidence shows:

  • Flexion less than 90 degrees beyond 3 months post-operatively is not normal recovery
  • A fixed flexion contracture (inability to fully straighten the knee) greater than 10-15 degrees causes significant gait dysfunction
  • Manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) is most effective within 6-12 weeks of onset — the window closes
  • Arthroscopic lysis of adhesions or revision surgery may be required in established arthrofibrosis

If your surgeon continues to tell you that more time and physical therapy will resolve your stiffness, and you are beyond 3 months post-operatively with significant limitation, an expert second opinion is warranted.

Hip replacement stiffness is less common but occurs — particularly with anterior approach techniques and heterotopic ossification (bone forming in the soft tissues). This can be painful, limit motion, and require treatment.

Walking & function

Ambulatory Dysfunction

Many patients who have had joint replacement find that they walk differently than expected — a limp that wasn't there before, difficulty with stairs, instability, or the feeling that the joint "isn't right." These functional concerns are often dismissed but they represent real, evaluable, and frequently correctable problems.

Conditions our specialists evaluate:

  • Limb length discrepancy: Even 1-2 cm of leg length inequality after hip replacement causes compensatory scoliosis, low back pain, and altered gait mechanics that worsen over time
  • Trendelenburg gait: A lateral lurch during walking that indicates hip abductor muscle weakness or injury — sometimes caused by damage to the abductor mechanism during surgery
  • Knee instability: A sense that the knee will give way, particularly on stairs or uneven terrain — may indicate ligament imbalance or component sizing issues
  • Extensor mechanism problems: Quadriceps tendon issues, patellar tendon rupture, or patellar maltracking that cause weakness and instability
  • Gait asymmetry: Persistent antalgic or compensatory gait patterns that are contributing to back, hip, or contralateral knee pain

These problems have specific diagnostic evaluations and, in many cases, specific treatments. The first step is identifying the exact cause — which a fellowship arthroplasty specialist is best positioned to do.

Who reviews your case

Arthroplasty specialists.
Not generalists.

Every joint replacement case reviewed through ExpertMD is evaluated by a fellowship-trained arthroplasty surgeon — a specialist who completed additional training specifically in hip and knee replacement after residency, and who has been in active practice for 15 or more years. These are the surgeons who train residents and fellows at academic medical centers, who have published peer-reviewed research on joint replacement outcomes, and who other orthopedic surgeons refer their most complex cases to. When your case is reviewed, you will know exactly who reviewed it and what their specific credentials are.

Common questions — joint replacement
Why is my knee replacement still painful after 6 months?+
How do I know if my joint replacement is infected?+
Is my knee replacement stiffness treatable?+
Do I need revision surgery?+
My leg is longer than it was before hip replacement. Is that fixable?+
Can I get an expert review from anywhere in the US or internationally?+

Get a straight answer
about your joint replacement.

Fellowship-trained arthroplasty specialists review your imaging, operative notes, and records. Written report in 4 business days. Educational and informational — available anywhere in the world.